KUBESHUZA INKURU YASOHOTSE MU KINYAMAKURU (igihe. com) IGIRA ITI 《 AMATEKA Y’ABANYAMULENGE MU BIYAGA BIGARI
Me Bukuru Ntwari wa N
Ku Abayobozi b’Ikinyamakuru b’igihe.com, Kigali- Rwanda
Bayobozi, mfitiye icyubahiro, mbandikiye ngira ngo mbeshyuze inkuru yasohotse muri Journal muyoboye, yasohotse kuya 14/ 05/ 2018, ifite umutwe mvuze haruguru, yanditswe n’umunyamakuru David Eugène Marshall
1 Impamvu zo kubeshuza inkuru
Impamvu zinteye kubeshuza iyi nkuru ni nyinshi
a) Ni uko, iyi nkuru irimwo amakuru menshi atariyo mbese amakuru ATARI UKURI na gatoya.
b) Kuberako inkuru yasohotse muri Journal (gihe.com) ,journal yubashwe kandi itanga amakuru yizewe, abantu benshi bafata iyi nkuru nkaho ari UKURI.
c) Iyi nkuru yageze ahantu henshi kw’isi nzima bityo, byaba byiza ko n’iyi yanje ibeshuza inkuru yasohotse muri Jounal yanyu ikwiriye kuyisohora, kubera iya David Marchall ihora igaruka buri gihe .
d)Iyi nkuru yo kuri 14/ 05/ 2018, igisohoka, nyazanye démenti, nyihereza David Marchall, nyamara ntiyayisohora.
e)Nta kuntu wakwandika Amateka y’ubwoko, ngo ubure na citations z’abanditsi nka bangahe ,yewe ngo ubure n’umuntu n’umwe mwavuganye, ayo ntabwo aba ari amateka
Ubwambere bwo, nta ukuntu Amateka y’ubwoko yo kwandikwa kw’ i page imwe canke zibiri ngo bikunde, nta nubwo umunyamakuru yavuze ko ari igice cha mbere (épisode1),ngo dutegereze icya kabiri gatatu…
Ikindi ni uko umuntu atomenya nimba Marshall , yarashatse kuvuga amateka y’ubwoko bw’Abanyamulenge ajanye n’intambara gusa kuko ninkayo asa n’uwatinzeho, uretse ko nayo atariyo yavuze namba
Amakuru hafi ya yose
yavuzwe n’ igihe.com, mu nkuru ya 14.05.2018 ntabwo ariyo
- Muri 1880 nta barura ry’Abanyamulenge ryabaye
Ikinyamakuru igihe.com,kiravuga ko mu mwaka wa 1880, habaye (recensement), ibarura ry’Abanyamulenge, nyamara mu Mateka y’Abanyamulenge, ayanditse ndetse n’atanditse, ntanamwe muriyo tuzi ko higeze kuba muri 1880, ibarura ry’Abanyamulenge.
Kandi umunyamakuru Marshall nta sources yigeze yerekana ngo byibura abantu barebe ko zoba fiables.
Mbega imyaka 5 mbere ya Conférence de Berlin, 1885 hoba harabaye ibarura ryitwa ibarura koko? Mbega ni bande bakoreye Abanyamulenge bakiriya gihe ibarura? Mbe nibo ubwabo ni bande ko Ababiligi bari bataraza mu ubutaka bwaje kwitwa Congo Zaïre? Iryo barura ryo habwaga gaciro ki?
Ikizwi cyo n’uko icyo gihe 1880 Abanyamulenge bari batuye iwabo i Mulenge baravuye mu kiyaya cya Rusizi. Kandi bari bataraba benshi baziranye bose.
- Nta Banyamulenge bahunze imisoro mu Rwanda muri 1895
Ikinyamakuru gihe.com cyakomeje kivuga ko muri 1895, hari Abanyamulenge bahunze imisoro mu Rwanda. Nyamara nkuko tubeshuza ibya 1880, ni nako duhamya ko nta Abanyamulenge bahunze imisoro y’amatungo yabo. Nta source n’imwe y’amateka yacu itwereka iyo misoro yatumye Abanyamulenge bahunga u Rwanda.
Ikizwi mu mateka nkuko abanditsi nka Docteur Weis, Nayigiziki,Kajiga,J Heirnaux ,Macquette.. banditse mu myaka mirongo itandatu ishize, na Depelchin ect.. bavuze ko intambara yo ku Rucunchu hariya muri Muhanga, ngo hari, Abantu benshi bahunze u Rwanda kubera intambara ya Rucunchu bagera za Kaziba hafi ya Bukavu.
Binavugwa ko hari abantu bakeya cyane rwose bashobora kuba barahunze bakagera i Mulenge.
- Intambara yayobowe kandi yitiriwe colonel Jean Schramme i Bukavu
a) Ntabwo intambara ya Colonel Jean Schramme yigeze ituma Abanyamulenge bagira amakimbirane n’ Ababembe
Intambara yateje ubwumvikane buke hagati y’Abanyamulenge n’andi moko yo muri Sud y’intara yacu ya Sud-Kivu, ni intambara ya ba Simba yatangijwe n’insoresore z’abapfurero 620 batangije, le 15/ 04/ 1964 isingirwa na bamwe mu Ababembe, ntabwo iya Schramme ifite aho ihuriye n’ibyo.
Umunyamakuru David Eugène yibanze ku ntambara yitiriwe mercenaire w’umubiligi witwa Colonel Jean Schramme
Ikintu umuntu yakwibaza cy’ibanze ni ukuntu David Marshall yova ku ntambara yo ku Rucunchu 1895, agasimbukira ku ntambara ya ya Colonel Jean Schramme yabaye muri 1967 ,kandi hagati y’izi ntambara zombi Abanyamulenge barahuye n’izindi ntambara zitatu (4 grandes guerres), zikomeye ndetse zitatu murizo zikaba zara shegeshe Abanyamulenge cane.
Naho iyi ya Colonel Schramme, nubwo yagize ingaruka ku Banyamulenge, nyamara ntabwo yigeze ibashwanisha n’Ababembe
Nta nubwo Ikinyamakuru igihe.com cyanavuze mu buryo nyabwo iby’intambara ya Col Schramme yatangije ku itariki 05/ 07/ 1967 we n’abandi ba mercenaires barikumwe n’aba kavukire ba Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Kongo, biganjemwo abitwaga 《 les gendarmes katangais》, bafata mpiri umuji wa Bukavu hano iwacu muri Sud-Kivu, bawigarurira igihe cy’amezi ane yose. Intwaramiheto za RDC arizo ANC, zifashijwe na gouvernement y’u Burundi n’iya Afrique du Sud ndetse n’abandi ba mercenaires barwanyije Colonel Jean Schramme bamutsintsura muri Bukavu, maze ku itariki 4/ (5),/ 11/ 1967, we n’ingabo ze barahunga baciye ku Rusizi rwa mbere bajabukira Kamembe Changugu baba baraneshejwe.
Impamvu zibiri (2) nkuru nkuru zivugwa zateje intambara yitiriwe Colonel Jean Schramme
Impamvu ya mbere Bivugwa ko abachancuro b’Ababiligi na Abafransa bari bafashije Général Joseph Désiré Mobutu na Président Joseph Kasa-Vubu kurwanya intambara ya rébellion Simba kuva 1964 ngo ntibahawe ibihembo byabo bikwiriye ,kubera ko muri 1967 Mobutu yasangaga ntabwo ba Simba bakimuteye ibibazo bikomeye, bityo agabanya cyangwe akuraho honoraires za ba Mercenaires, nabo mu kumuhima batangiza intambara yo kumurwanya.
Impamvu ya kabiri Ku itariki 30/ 06/ 1967, Mr Moïse Kapenda Tshombe wigeze konkora intara ya Katanga kuri Repibilika ya Kongo Léopoldville kuva 1960 kugeza 1963, yafatiwe mu kirere cy’igihugu cya Algérie, indege arimwo imuzanye iwabo yururutswa ku gahato ku murwa mukuru Alger, arafungwa. (Nabyo bivugwa mwo Impamvu zibiri), Aba gendarmes katangais Tshombe yarabereye shebuja, yariyifashije guhasha ba rebelles Simba ,akiri Ministre w’intebe 1964 -1965, nyuma y’iminsi 5 gusa Tshombe afunzwe, ba gendarmes katangais bafatanyije na ba Mercenaires bahita batangiza intambara yo kurwanya Mobutu mu rwego rwo kumuhorera.
Izi mpamvu zombi ntaho zari zihuriye b’Abanyamulenge kuburyo boyivangavangamwo ngo ba
- Schramme na Président Joseph Désiré Mobutu ntibigeze basaba Abanyamulenge kwiyomeka kuri Leta
Ibi tuvuze byanditswe na David Eugène Marshall, nyamara ntabwo aribyo.
Ahubwo Mobutu yamenye aba basore b’Abanyamulenge muri 1966-1967, ubwo biyemeje kurwanya ba Simba bakunze kwitwa ba (Mulele-Murere) mu misozi miremire y’Itombwe muri sud y’intara yacu ya Sud-Kivu, ubwo Colonel wa ANC, Albert Kanyiki warukuriye igice cya Uvira Mwenga na Fizi, yabonye ubutwari n’ubwitange byabo bihebuje , bagaragaje kandi igihugu n’ingabo zitabatabaje ngo zibiyambaze ahubwo babikoze kubw’umutima ukunda igihugu (Patriotisme), Kanyiki abaha imbunda zo kwirwanaho no kurwanya ba Simba, ndetse Abatware bo mu bwoko bw’Ababembe Abapfurero n’Abavira bamurega ibirego ko yahaye abasivire imbunda, afungirwa i Bukavu, amaze gusobanura amahirwe ANC yagize ikabona des vaillants guerriers volontaires b’Abanyamulenge baburabuje ba Simba, nibwo Mobutu yamuhaye uburenganzira busesuye bwo gufatanya n’abo basore ku mugaragaro.
- Colonel Jean Schramme yaherutse kuvugwa mu ba Mercenaires bafasha Président de la République Démocratique du Congo, Joseph Désiré Mobutu, mu ntangiriro za 1967.
Ubwo ichicaro gikuru Base militaire et Logistique byari muri ville ya Kalemie mu ntara ya Katanga, niho ANC ndetse n’aba mercenaires bahagurukiraga baje gutera ba Simba bakoresheje INDEGE.
Igitero kinini cya nyuma kizwi ko Colonel Jean Schramme yagizemwo uruhare nk’mucancuro urwanirira ANC ya Président Mobutu, ni icyo mu kwezi kwa kabiri février 1967, ubwo za Kajugujuguza zabo zateraga ahitwa mu Gitoga teritware ya Uvira. Ni nabwo ba Simba badorongeye mu Rubumba-Hewabora.
Uwo munsi ANC irikumwe n’abo ba cancuro bishe ba Simba benshi cane. Naho ku ruhande rwa ANC hichwa Umunyamulenge umwe mu baherekeje abasoda kurwana ariwe Gategeko Simon.
Nyuma y’amezi 5 nibwo abantu batunguwe no kumva ndetse no kubona Colonel Jean Schramme yatangije indi ntambara nonoho contre Mobutu.
- Ikinyamakuru Igihe cyanavuze ko Umunyamulenge
Bisengimana Barthélemy, yagizwe umuyobozi mwishikira (Directeur de cabinet), wa Président Mobutu. B.B yari imfura, umunyabwenge , umukozi mwiza, gusa
Bisengimana ntabwo yari Umunyamulenge. -
Président Mobutu ntiyigeze ashira Abanyamulenge mu mashuri nkuko bivugwa n ‘ igihe.com
Abanyamulenge batangiye kwijukira amashuri mu mpera za 1940 mu ntangiriro za 1950- 1960
Icyaje kuba ikibazo gikomeye nuko intambara ya ba Simba (Mulele) 1964 , yatumye abasore amajana n’inkumi b’Abanyamulenge bahise bata amashuri. Nta Président rero wabahaye amashuri.
- Ikinyamakuru igihe.com 《ngo hari igihe Abanyamulenge bigeze kwiyomeka ku Balega》
Iyi nkuru iravuga ibintu byinshi bitaribyo rwose pe.
Biragoye kumva ko hari igihe Abanyamulenge bigeze kwiyomeka k’ubundi bwoko muri Sud-Kivu, mu myaka y’intambara ya 1964 1986.
Nta nubwo Abanyamulenge barwanye n’ubwoko runaka cyangwe kwiyomeka ku bwoko runaka, ahubwo Abanyamulenge biyometse ku ngabo za L’État ANC, ariko izi nazo zamenye Abanyamulenge nyuma,kuko bo batangiye kurwanya ba Simba mbere yo kwiyunga no kwiyomeka kuri l’État.
- Umunyamakuru w’ igihe.com ati muri 1971, Président Mobutu yaboneyeho guha Abanyamulenge ubwenegihugu bwa Zaïre.
Nta bwenegihugu Président Mobutu yigeze agibira Abanyamulenge muri 1971
Aha ni ahantu hakomeye cyane abantu bibesha abandi bakabesha ISI.
Icho tubwira Abasomyi b’iyi nkuru ibeshuza iyasohotse mu Kinyamakuru igihe ni uko:
a) Kuva umunsi ubutaka bwavuyemwo igihugu cya Congo-Zaïre, 1885 kugeza uyu 20/ 02/ 2019, ntabwo ubwoko bwacu Abanyamulenge burigera bubura Ubwenegihugu Nationalité kuburyo bobuhabwa nk’ingabire,canke bobugabirwa comme cadeau.
b)Kuva umunsi igihugu cyacu État Indépendant du Congo, gishiraho itegeko rya nationalité le 27/ 12/ 1892 , nk’abandi ba autochtones bose, Abanyamulenge baherewe ubwenegihugu bw’inkomoko Nationalité d’origine, kimwe n’abandi bakavukire bose.
c) Abanyamulenge ntibigeze baba abimukira cyangwe se les immigrés muri Congo Zaïre,kuburyo bigirirwa impuhwe zoguhabwa nationalité
d) Muri Zaïre, nta tegeko ry’ubwenegihugu ryabayeho muri 1971
Ahari igihe.com yandikaga itegeko ryo muri 1972, Ikinyamakuru ariko naryo ntaho rihuriye n’Abanyamulenge na gato.
Ndetse tubonereho kubwira abasomyi ko n’irya 1981 benshi, bitwaza ntaho rihuriye n’Abanyamulenge .
e)Gusa hari une résolution inique ya Haut Conseil de la République, yakozwe 1995 yakurikiye enquête yari igamije kumenya no gusubiza impunzi z’Abanyarwarwanda zari zahungiye muri Zaïre (1994), n’Abarundi bari bahungiye hano iwacu muri 1993, nonoho abanzi b’Abanyamulenge barangajwe imbere na Hon Celestin Anzuluni Bembe wari umwe mu bayobozi b’ikirenga wa (HCR), bavangitiranya dossier aho gukora Enquête y’impunzi ziri muri Sud-Kivu, bahita bomekaho n’Abanyamulenge ndetse batarukira no kuba Banyamulenge bo mu ntara ya Shaba Katanga, Byura, babita nkana abashitsi.
Nta bwoko kavukire bwohindurwa abashitsi muri ubu buryo.
Rero nyizeye ko iyi nkuru atari polémique ku Kinyamakuru igihe.com cyubashwe ,ahubwo ni ugutanga umucyo Ku inkuru yakozwe n’inshuti yanje David Marshall.
Inkuru Ikinyamakuru igihe.com cyita ko ari histoire des Banyamulenge, sincèrement ce n’est pas notre histoire les BANYAMULENGE
Fait à Uvira RDC,
Le 20 /février/ 2019.
Me Bukuru Ntwari wa N
Chercheur et Analyste Politique
NB: Iyi nkuru ibeshuza ntabwo iri pdfé.